Which three components make up praxis?

• A. Attention, memory, and coordination.
• B. Ideation, motor planning (praxis), and execution.
• C. Sensory modulation, discrimination, and processing.
• D. Reflexes, reflex integration, and compensation.

Answer: (B)

Praxis is the ability to conceptualize, plan, and execute a novel movement sequence. It involves three interconnected elements.

First, ideation is the mental concept of the goal and what needs to be done to achieve it—forming a plan about the task before moving. Second, motor planning (praxis) is the brain’s organization and sequencing of the movements needed to carry out that plan, including choosing strategies, timing, and how to use body and tools. Third, execution is actually performing the movement with the chosen plan and coordinated action.

For example, when learning to button a shirt, ideation is realizing you need to align the button with the hole; motor planning is sequencing the finger movements and how to rotate the garment; execution is smoothly carrying out those movements to button up. This differs from simply coordinating muscles (execution) or from sensory processing or reflex-based responses, which are separate domains.