Which of the following is not a frame of reference listed as emerged from Ayres’ original theory?

• A. Beery, Johnson, and others not part of the frames
• B. Dunn, Wilbarger, King, Ross, Champagne
• C. Piaget, Vygotsky, Erikson
• D. Skinner, Pavlov

Answer: (B)

Ayres' Sensory Integration theory gave rise to specific, named frames of reference used in pediatric OT, each associated with a particular line of practice or model. The option that lists a group of individuals as if they collectively form a single frame is not itself a recognized frame of reference that emerged from Ayres’ original theory. Those names represent various contributors who expanded or applied sensory ideas in different ways, but they do not point to one unified frame that originated directly from Ayres’ work. The other options reference groups or theorists whose work sits outside the sensory integration frames in the way Ayres’ theory laid them out, making this mixed list the best choice for not being a frame of reference.